1.20 The Effect of Emigration
It is a misconception that a traveller who makes purchases in a given country in transferring wealth from one nation to another. In essence, it is the same as staying home and importing the goods and for the two parties, there is no difference (though the transporters, wholesalers, retailers, and tax-collectors may be denied of their shares for handling the goods in-between).
There's a digression about foreigners who consumer goods within a country - the meal they take or entertainment they pay for is a transfer of coin for something they will not carry back with them - but this puts too great an emphasis on the value of coin and too little on the value of the experience. The tourist takes no tangible object back for the coin he has spent, but enjoys an intangible benefit that he felt to be equal to the amount he paid to have it.
A further digression on some of the events put on by the French nobility for entertaining foreign guests as being a double-loss to the citizens, whose taxes paid for entertainments that were of no benefit to them, but merely flattered the pride of the monarch at being able to make a lavish display for his foreign guests.
When someone intends to immigrate permanently, bringing the fortune he has earned in his home country to a new land, his new land benefits not only from the wealth he brings, but also the industry he establishes. Many countries are desirous of attracting industrialists and craftsmen from other nations, who bring their knowledge and productive industry to the service of the domestic market.
For the nation the have left, it is "a dead and total loss," which is likely the reason many nations forbid the emigration of such people and their wealth. However, this is little sense in this: an individual who wishes to leave will do so, or if he is forcibly retained, he will have little incentive to be productive.
To nations that wish to attract and retain such me, the best method is to treat them with justice and benevolence, that they may be at liberty to choose their own course and feel security in the disposition of their own person and property. Under such circumstances, people will be productive and happy.
(EN: That should likely be "as productive and happy as possible," as I can conceive of situations in which a person might have liberty and be prevented from producing by other factors - an absence of raw materials or supporting resources, inability to compete in a crowded market, etc.)